Le Cercle
Who worked with whom at the top of the French state
Data of —

About Le Cercle

Where the data comes from, the terms it is reused under, how to ask for a correction, and who publishes the site.

Where the data comes from

Every source is public and open for reuse. The data is shown as the sources give it, linked back to them, with the day each source was retrieved below and the date of each file on the facts page. Personal data is reused within the GDPR: only what the sources themselves publish (never the parts of HATVP declarations the HATVP keeps private, such as relatives), no home addresses, and anything a source withdraws disappears at the next refresh.

SourceWhat it givesLicenceRetrieved
Journal officiel (DILA), structured by JORFSearch (Nathann Cohen)Appointments to offices, the government and state boards since 1990Licence Ouverte—
HATVPDeclarations of interests, the list of declarants, opinions on moves to the private sector, the register of lobbiesLicence Ouverte—
Assemblée nationale and SénatMembers, seats, groups and outside bodies, and each deputy's and senator's staffLicence Ouverte—
European ParliamentFrench members since 1979, groups, parties and committeesCC BY 4.0—
Répertoire national des élus (Ministère de l'Intérieur)Current local mandates: mayors, municipal and arrondissement councillors, departmental and regional councillors, EPCI executives, territorial assembliesLicence Ouverte 2.0—
Répertoire des entreprises contrôlées majoritairement par l'État (INSEE)Companies majority-controlled by the State at the end of 2016 and 2017, the last editions published as a listLicence Ouverte 2.0—
Company register (RNE, INPI), via Annuaire des entreprisesCompany roles, board members, company size and revenueINPI reuse licence (RNE)—
BODACC (DILA)The first official notice naming a person in a company roleLicence Ouverte—
Public contracts (DECP)Contracts held by companies in the networkLicence Ouverte 2.0—
State subsidies (budget annex "Effort financier de l'État en faveur des associations", Direction du budget)Subsidies paid by the State to associations in 2013–2020 and 2023, by budget programme, with the deputy or senator behind each réserve parlementaire grant in 2016–2017, and the budget nomenclature naming each programme and missionLicence Ouverte 2.0—
WikidataCareers, schools, ENA classes, family ties, birth datesCC0—

Corrections and objections

If something about you is wrong, or you object to appearing here, write to . Say which page or person it is about. Errors are corrected, and objections are answered, within one month.

Personal data

This site publishes personal data taken from public sources: names, appointments, elected mandates, outside roles, and for some people a birth year or month and family ties recorded in Wikidata. It does so in the legitimate interest of informing the public about how the state is staffed and how its staff move to and from companies and lobbies (article 6(1)(f) of the GDPR). Parliamentary staff named in the declarations of interests and the Assemblée's and the Sénat's lists appear only when they also worked in a minister's office headed by the same deputy or senator. Visits are counted with GoatCounter, an open-source audience-measurement service that sets no cookie, stores no IP address and keeps only the page, the referrer, the browser and system, the country or region and the screen size of each visit; the counts are held by GoatCounter for the publisher alone, and the site has no accounts and no other tracking. The pages that name people ask search engines not to index them, so the site does not come up when someone searches a name.

You can ask to see, correct or remove what concerns you, and object to appearing here, at the address above. You can also complain to the CNIL (cnil.fr).